Pak Goen,
Kenapa "kenyataan yang sudah kenyang [fisiologis]
[security]sudah dicintai [love], sudah dihormati, sudah hebat, sudah
diakui,semuanya kawin lagi."
Tidak panjang lebar saya kasih jawaban dari Pak Maslow sendiri :
Maslow says there are two processes necessary for self-
actualization: self exploration and action. The deeper the self
exploration, the closer one comes to self-actualization.
http://www.performa
Jadi Pak Goen, model hirarki kebutuhan itu bukan mesin otomatis (A ke
B, B ke C, C ke D, D ke E). Harus ada perenungan / eksplorasi diri.
Bukankah sejarah menunjukkan betapa banyak orang yang lupa diri
setelah sukses ?
Pak Satrio Pamungkas,
Justru Abu Dzar Al-Ghifari ra sudah mencapai taraf aktualisasi diri.
Teorinya, kalau kebutuhan yang lebih tinggi sudah muncul maka
dorongan kebutuhan yang dibawahnya tidak lagi 'menggila'. Bukan
berarti beliau tidak butuh air atau makan, tapi beliau sudah sampai
pada puncak-puncak pencapaian ruhani sehingga bisa merelatifkan
kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang dibawah itu.
Para Wali Allah yang seumur hidup miskin, bukan berarti tidak bisa
mencukupi kehidupan duniawinya, tapi beliau-beliau itu memilih miskin
di dunia agar lebih dekat kepada Allah. Kebutuhan-kebutuhan minum,
makan, sosial bukannya hilang atau tidak ada, akan tetapi
direlatifkan atau menjadi relatif.
Sekedar bacaan dibawah saya kutipkan 15 ciri orang yang telah
mencapai aktualisasi diri dan sebelumnya dikutipkan tokoh-tokoh yang
digolongkan sudah mencapai taraf aktualisasi diri.
Salam,
WK
------------
http://www.performa
As potential models of a self-actualized person, Dr. Maslow identified
the following historical figures: Abraham Lincoln (in his last
years), Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, Albert
Einstein, Aldous Huxley, William James, Spinoza, Goethe, Pablo
Casals, Pierre Renoir, Robert Browning, Walt Whitman, Henry
Wadsworth Longfellow, Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan Addams, Albert
Schweitzer, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Joseph Haydn among others.
(It is interesting to note that several of these "models" were also
identified by Dr. R. M. Bucke, in his book: "Cosmic Consciousness,
as individuals that exhibited the behavior of people who had
experienced cosmic consciousness.
Characteristics of Self Actualizing People :
REALISTIC
Realistically oriented, a Self-Actualizing (SA) person has a more
efficient perception of reality, and has comfortable relations with
it. This is extended to all areas of life. A Self-Actualizing person
is unthreatened and unfrightened by the unknown. He has a superior
ability to reason, to see the truth, and is logical and efficient.
SELF ACCEPTANCE
Accepts himself, others and the natural world the way they are. Sees
human nature as is, has a lack of crippling guilt or shame, enjoys
himself without regret or apology, and has no unnecessary inhibitions.
Spontaneity, Simplicity, Naturalness
Spontaneous in his inner life. Thoughts and impulses are unhampered
by convention. His ethics are autonomous, and Self-actualizing
individuals are motivated to continual growth.
FOCUS OF PROBLEM CENTERING
A Self-actualizing person focuses on problems and people outside of
himself. He has a mission in life requiring much energy, as it is his
sole reason for existence. He is serene, characterized by a lack of
worry, and is devoted to duty.
DETACHMENT: THE NEED FOR PRIVACY
The Self-actualized person can be alone and not be lonely, is
unflappable, and retains dignity amid confusion and personal
misfortunes, all the while remaining objective. He is a self
starter, is responsible for himself, and owns his behavior.
AUTONOMY: INDEPENDENT of CULTURE and ENVIRONMENT
The SA person has a fresh rather than stereotyped appreciation of
people and the basic good in life. Moment to moment living for him
is thrilling, transcending, and spiritual as he lives the present
moment to the fullest.
PEAK EXPERIENCES
"Feelings of limitless horizons opening up to the vision, the feeling
of being simultaneously more powerful and also more helpless than one
ever was before, the feeling of ecstasy and wonder and awe, the loss
of placement in time and space with, finally, the conviction that
something extremely important and valuable had happened, so that the
subject was to some extent transformed and strengthened even in his
daily life by such experiences.
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
Identification, sympathy, affection for mankind, kinship with the
good, bad, and ugly are all traits of the SA person. Truth is clear
to him as he can see things others cannot. He has profound, intimate
relationships with few and is capable of greater love than others
consider possible as he shares his benevolence, affection, and
friendliness with everyone.
DEMOCRATIC VALUES and ATTITUDES
The SA person is able to learn from anyone, is humble and friendly
with anyone regardless of class, education, political belief, race or
color.
DISCRIMINATION: MEANS and ENDS, GOOD and EVIL
The SA does not confuse between means and ends and does no wrong. He
enjoys the here and now, getting to goal--not just the result. He
makes the most tedious task an enjoyable game and has his own inner
moral standards (appearing amoral to others).
PHILOSOPHICAL, UNHOSTILE SENSE OF HUMOR
Jokes to the SA person are teaching metaphors, intrinsic to the
situation and are spontaneous. He can laugh at himself, but he never
makes jokes that hurt others.
CREATIVITY
The SA person enjoys an inborn uniqueness that carries over into
everything he does, is original, inventive, uninhibited, and he sees
the real and true more easily.
RESISTANCE TO ENCULTURATION: Transcendence of any particular culture.
SA people have an inner detachment from culture. Although folkways
may be observed, SA people are not controlled by them. Working for
long term culture improvement, indignation with injustice, inner
autonomy, outer acceptance, and the ability to transcend the
environment rather than just cope are intrinsic to SA people.
IMPERFECTIONS
SA people are painfully aware of their own imperfections and joyfully
aware of their own growth process. They are impatient with
themselves when stuck and feel real life pain as a result.
VALUES
The SA person is realistically human due to a philosophical
acceptance of self, human nature, social life, physical reality, and
nature.
RESOLUTION OF DICHOTOMIES
Polar opposites merge into a third, higher phenomenon as though the
two have united; therefore, opposite forces are no longer felt as
conflict. To the SA person work becomes play and desires are in
excellent accord with reason. The SA person retains his childlike
qualities yet is very wise.
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