mohon maaf untuk yang satu ini
Kawan-kawan berikut ini kami forwardkan surat pengantar untuk
dukungan protokol rakyat di
http://www.petition
Perubahan Iklim. Draft ini telah melalui beberapa workshop di
Indonesia dan akan terus berproses dan disempurnakan hingga Forum
Rakyat tingkat dunia menjelang Pertemuan Perubahan Iklim Copenhagen
2009.
Salam
Andreas Iswinarto
Sarekat Hijau Indonesia
NB.
- Segera kami susulkan Protokol Rakyat ini dalam bahasa Indonesia
- Untuk dukungan anda silah klik
http://www.petition
Dear Friends and Colleagues,
Climate change is an issue that requires the urgent collective
action from the civil society and marginalized sectors -especially
from the South- who will be most affected by climate change.
Below is the draft People's Protocol on Climate Change which
reflects the aspirations and demands of the people on how climate
change should be addressed. The draft People's Protocol on Climate
Change has already undergone a series of workshops in Indonesia. It
will be finalized and ratified through a grand People's Assembly
spearheaded by the Pesticide Action Network International (PAN
International)
(CAWI), People's Coalition on Food Sovereignty (PCFS) and the Asian
Peasant Coalition (APC) during the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change
meetings.
We need your support. Please endorse the draft People's Protocol on
Climate Change by following the link
http://www.petition
Please circulate.
Thank you.
Regards,
Ava Danlog (IBON Foundation), Don K. Marut (INFID), Syamsul
Ardiansyah (INDIES), Flint Duxfield (Aid/Watch)
If you would like to comment on the petition, or otherwise
communicate directly with the petition author, you can contact the
author at:
Ava Danlog, adanlog@ibon.
To: organizations, individuals
People's Protocol on Climate Change (draft)
Preamble
The planet is experiencing a climate crisis of catastrophic
proportions. Drastic action is required to reverse the situation.
Global temperatures have increased twice as fast in the last 50
years as over the last century and will rise even faster in the
coming decades. Eleven of the last twelve years (1995-2006) are
among the 12 warmest years on record. This is disrupting weather
patterns, severely damaging the environment, and destroying lives
and livelihoods - especially of the poorest and most vulnerable.
This dangerous climatic change is driven by the unprecedented
increase in human-generated greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The
most dangerous increase is in CO2 emissions from the ever-mounting
burning of fossil fuels for industry, commerce, transport and
militarism. The planet's capacity to process these emissions has
also been crippled by widespread deforestation. As a result, the
concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is now far higher than its
natural range over the last 650,000 years. Concentrations of methane
and nitrous oxide, again caused by human industry and agriculture
have also increased dramatically and are also implicated in causing
global warming.
Climate Change will be universally adverse for the world's people
with greater and more frequent extremes of heat and rainfall
patterns as well as tropical cyclones, typhoons and hurricanes.
Africa, Asia and Latin America face shorter growing seasons, lower
yields, lost or deteriorated agricultural land, decreased
agricultural production and freshwater shortages. Droughts in Africa
will bring widespread hunger and famine. Asia is already confronting
flooding, avalanches and landslides, which will increase illness and
death. In Latin America, higher temperatures and reduced
biodiversity in tropical forests will devastate indigenous
communities. Globally, rising sea levels will flood low-lying areas,
increased storm surges will threaten coastal communities, and warmer
sea waters will diminish fish stocks.
The last centuries have been heralded for great strides in
technology, production and human progress – but these advances have
precipitated global ecological and development disasters. On one
hand a privileged global elite engages in reckless profit-driven
production and grossly excessive consumption. On the other hand, the
mass of humanity is mired in underdevelopment and poverty with
merely survival and subsistence consumption, or even less. The
world's largest transnational corporations (TNCs) based mainly in
the Northern countries and with expanding operations in the South,
have long been at the forefront of these excesses. Indeed the
powerful industrialized nations of today were built on the severe
exploitation of the human and natural resources of the global South.
The pursuit of growth and profit is at the core of exploitation,
structural poverty and global warming.
There have already been high-profile schemes for concerted action
and co-operation to combat global warming. This includes the
landmark 1992 Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) and the
succeeding Kyoto Agreement. Yet the problem has not been stemmed or
much less reversed, indeed it has worsened as the limited targets
and timelines set by the Kyoto Protocol have made no headway.
Importantly, the Kyoto Protocol does not decisively acknowledge the
real roots of climate change - globalization and the mad pursuit of
TNCs for profits. Instead, Kyoto has diminished responsibility and
accountability for the climate crisis through the marketization of
energy resources and supply. The offsets and emissions trading
system transfers adjustment costs from rich to poor, creates new
dependencies, rewards corporations for polluting and increases their
opportunities for profits. Northern TNCs and investors have
sustained and even increased their energy intensive operations
through relocation to Southern countries, capturing and co-opting
local elites into the destructive process of capitalist-dominate
production and consumption.
Significantly, the Kyoto Protocol does not truly involve grassroots
communities and peoples who are worst-affected, especially in the
South. It has grossly neglected the severe damage to their
livelihoods, well-being and welfare. It does not consistently and
coherently adhere to the vital developmental principles, especially
people's sovereignty over natural resources.
The gravity, scope and depth of the problem demand the greatest
collective effort and cooperation. No peoples or state can succeed
alone in addressing the root causes of the problem. At the same
time, stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions today will not
immediately impact on rising global temperatures since climate
processes involve-long time scales and a global responsibility must
be taken for the immediate and negative impacts that will be felt by
the poor and marginalized.
This declaration articulates the values and principles that should
guide international action and people's struggles against climate
change and its associated ecological and socioeconomic destruction.
Statement of values and principles
We, the people, are united behind certain core development values
and principles of social justice, democracy, equality and equity,
gender fairness, respect for human rights and dignity, respect for
the environment, sovereignty, freedom, liberation and self-
determination, stewardship, social solidarity, participation and
empowerment. This statement further articulates these principles in
the context of the global climate crisis.
1. Social Justice must be guaranteed, acknowledging the systemic
roots of the climate crisis, the disproportionate responsibility of
a narrow elite, the disproportionate vulnerability of the majority
to the adverse effects, the grossly uneven capacity to confront and
respond, and the legitimate aspirations to development of the people
apart from the crisis.
1.1 We emphasize that Climate Change must be understood not merely
as an environmental issue but as a question of social justice, its
causes are rooted in the current capitalist-dominate
which is principally driven by the relentless drive for private
profits and accumulation.
1.2 We stress that the current global economic order, driven by the
Global North and their transnational corporations is the fundamental
origin of over-exploitation and depletion of resources, of the
gratuitous use of energy resources and the excessive release of
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
1.3 We thus condemn "free market" policies of "globalization"
its aggressive and intrusive expansion into every sector of the
economy and into the global South, and the exploitation by TNCs of
the people and the planet.
1.4 We firmly believe that these neoliberal policies are imposed
particularly on the people of the global South by powerful foreign
governments wielding influence through multilateral, regional and
bilateral mechanisms such as World Trade Organization (WTO)
agreements, regional and bilateral free trade agreements (FTAs),
investment agreements and aid conditionalities.
1.5 We recognize that a very significant part of
supposedly "Southern" emissions actually result from the energy-
intensive operations of Northern TNCs located in the South for the
purposes of exploiting local labor and natural resources. We further
acknowledge that the severe deforestation across Latin America, Asia
and Africa is most of all due to Northern TNC-driven commercial
logging, plantation agriculture, mining activities and dam projects
2. Sovereignty means asserting the power of the people through their
social movements and genuinely participatory structures as the
foundation of the global response to the climate change issue.
2.1 We stress the vital importance and essential role of communities
and peoples that will be most adversely affected by climate change
in defining, guiding and determining the work of any and all major
conferences and summits in the economic, social and related fields
at the local, national, regional and global levels.
2.2 We commit to spare no efforts in strengthening civil society and
social movements and, especially, the people's organizations and
struggles that are the indispensable foundations and most dynamic
driving force of these. We affirm that people's sovereignty of
natural resources is indispensable to dealing with the problem of
climate change and that this must be won in struggle.
2.3 We are aware that people in both the global North and,
especially, the South are excluded from participation in governance
with the unfortunate result that powerful private elite and
corporate interests exert far greater influence over socioeconomic
policy-making.
3. Respect for the Environment means a rejection of market
mechanisms that impose the cash nexus on ecological priorities. The
needs of the planet and its people must take precedent over the push
for growth and profits.
3.1 We recognize that nature is vital for the survival of all and
that natural resources and their use are essential for sustained
economic growth, sustainable human development, and the elimination
of poverty, ill-health and hunger. We are committed to building
societies where the people enjoy all human rights and fundamental
freedoms, and in a way that the world we create does not unjustly
deny the same for future generations.
3.2 We assert that the needs of people and planet must be placed
above those of global capital and the wholesale pursuit of private
profits. The planet's resources must never be reduced to being
assigned property rights that can be bought, sold, accumulated and
monopolized by a few for the sake of private gain.
3.3 We believe that population growth increases humanity's demands
on nature but that the resources of the planet are sufficient to
meet these demands if only production, resource-use and consumption
are organized to meet the needs of the people for life and not of a
select few for profits.
4. Responsibility, expressed in the principle of common but
differentiated responsibilities, requires a mechanism for globally-
inclusive equity. Northern countries share a disproportionate
responsibility for historic emissions.
4.1. We acknowledge the greater vulnerability of poor and
marginalized communities to the adverse effects of climate change.
4.2. We recognize that there are elite segments of society whose
current levels of consumption are grossly excessive and cannot and
should not be maintained, even as those large populations globally
who are denied basic needs should have these met. These elite
segments of society must bear the greatest responsibility for the
climate crisis.
4.3 We recognize that there are large parts of humanity who are more
dependent for their survival on their access to and use of natural
resources, as well as on the state of the climate and the natural
environment. We then stress that the specific needs of farming
communities, indigenous peoples, coastal communities, fisherfolk,
and other marginalized, poor and rural producers need to be given
special attention in all adaptation efforts.
4.4 We acknowledge that adaptation is not acceptance of climate
change but is necessary to provide temporary relief from the initial
impacts of climate change until global mitigation efforts are
sufficiently developed to halt global warming.
Statement of goals and purposes
1. We acknowledge climate change as a multifaceted issue and that
the score of interlinked challenges and threats therefore need to be
confronted in an integrated and coordinated manner if any real
progress is to be achieved.
2. We declare our commitment to the significant and far-reaching
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in line with our core values
and principles.
3. We further declare our willingness to work for and support any
international climate change agreement that is consistent with these
essential foundations.
4. We believe that the climate change crisis is not simply about
adaptation and mitigation, but changing the whole economic framework
into one of eco-sufficiency and sustainability.
5. We assert that Kyoto represents a false compromise and commit to
redressing the fundamental weaknesses of the Kyoto agreement in any
new protocol or post 2012 agreement.
a. We reject market-based mechanisms to address climate change as
diversionary and designed to perpetuate current levels of economic
activity and profits, if not brazen maneuvering by corporations to
pass on the burden of dealing with the negative effects of their
greenhouse gas emissions to the people of the global south.
b. We acknowledge that technological developments can play a role in
addressing the climate change issue but are conscious that
technological fixes in themselves are not just grossly insufficient
but even used to divert from the need to address root causes.
6. We are convinced that human progress and the defense of the
livelihoods, well-being and welfare of the people ultimately require
an economic system that is socially just, democratic and
ecologically sustainable. This includes people-oriented agricultural
and industrial development.
7. We declare that in order to address the climate crisis, the
people must have real stewardship, access and control over the
natural resources on which they depend rather than TNCs,
international financial institutions or even governments which
represent the narrow private interests of a global elite and their
local collaborators. In so-doing we assert people's sovereignty over
natural resources.
8. To this end, we shall work for:
a. National ownership over the nation's resources and productive
assets;
b. Community-level management and decision-making supported by
national-level authority or public-community partnership in the
utilization and conservation of these resources;
c. Transparency in decision-making and disposition of revenues
raised from the extraction, processing and sale of products derived
from nature;
d. A comprehensive national policy framework for economic
diversification and for meeting the collective needs of the present
and future generations, especially the poor and marginalized in
society;
e. A national program for research and development on sustainable
technologies including recycling methods, renewable energy and other
alternatives to unsustainable means of production;
f. Education on ecology and socially responsible consumption; and
g. Cooperative arrangements with other countries in the stewardship
of global commons or shared resources such as oceans, rivers,
forests and the climate.
9. We affirm the importance of grassroots education, organizing and
mobilizations to promote and realize our alternative vision and
program for social transformation. We retain our vigilance even
where governments have expressed support for a progressive agenda,
and hold them accountable through popular participation and
mobilization. We are ever critical of attempts to compromise the
interests of the majority and the marginalized.
10. We commit to building on the powerful networks of movements for
climate action that have emerged worldwide. Localized actions
against greenhouse gas emissions have spread across the globe and
deepened everyday development struggles.
11. We acknowledge the supportive role of adaptation funding for
Southern countries to help deal with the problem climate change,
affirm that the far greater responsibility of the North in the
current climate crisis means that it must bear a far greater
proportion of the funding responsibility. We decry the fiasco of the
supposed global adaptation fund which was allotted insignificant
funding, and criticize efforts such as those by the World Bank (WB)
to use adaptation funding to distract from the overriding need to
address the roots of the climate change problem. We stress that
adaptation funding must be over and above traditional allotments for
overseas development assistance (ODA).
12. We assert that restorative justice requires distribution of
responsibility according to historical per capita emissions, not
just on a by country basis but more significantly on a by polluter
basis. The greatest burden of adjustment must be on the Northern
countries and their TNCs (wherever these are located), as well as on
Southern elites, who have caused and benefited the most from the
damage. We further assert that this absolutely requires, at the very
minimum, Northern commitments and concrete practice to:
a. Drastically reduce overall energy use and increase energy
efficiency;
b. Increase unconditional financial compensation to directly address
the climate crisis in the South; and
c. Overhaul international trade and investment rules towards
sustainable development and improvements in the standard of living
in the South, including also an end to the real or effective
transfer of Northern polluting industries to the South.
13. We recognise the need for significant global GHG emissions
reductions in both the Northern and Southern countries. We assert
that action on climate change can only succeed if it addresses
southern emissions, and this requires mechanisms for large scale
compensatory financing from the global north to global south.
Specifically this should entail the creation of a global mitigation
fund, contributed to by the global north, and in particular northern
TNCs.
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